黑河上游梯级水库联合调度研究

Research on joint operation of cascade reservoirs in the upstream Heihe river

黑河上游梯级水库的蓄水运行严重影响了黑河水量统一调度,为了有效解决这一矛盾,有必要实施梯级水库联合调度。本文在研究实施梯级水库联合调度必要性的前提下,分析了梯级水库联合调度关键问题,在此基础上,根据"以水量调度为主,梯级水库联合调度为辅"思想建立梯级水库联合水量调度模型;同时,为了定量研究实施梯级水库联合水量调度对梯级水库发电的影响,建立了梯级水库联合发电调度模型。结合两种不同模型,选取设计平水年进行优化计算,结果表明,闭口期梯级水库在水量调度期间增加下泄水量的同时,发电量较发电调度时偏小;关键调度期梯级水库发电量比发电调度时减少0.13亿kW.h,下泄水量比发电调度时多下泄0.34亿m3。可以看出,调水目标和发电目标是不可调和的,只有在梯级水库管理部门和水量调度管理部门的协调下,才能最终有效的解决。

Integrated water regulation of Heihe river is seriously influenced by the impounding and operation of cascade reservoirs in the upstream Heihe.To effectively solve this conflict,it is necessary to implement a joint operation measure of cascade reservoirs.This paper analyzes the related key factors and develops a model for joint water operation according to the idea that water regulation is primary and the joint operation of cascade reservoirs is secondary.A power generating operation model is also established to quantitatively study the influence of joint water operation on power generating of cascade reservoirs.Calculation of operation optimization is conducted for the design normal year by combining these two models.Results show that,at the closed entry stage of the cascade reservoirs in the upstream Heihe river,the released water during the joint water operation increases obviously and the generated energy is obviously less than the case of power generating operation,while at the stage of key dispatching,the released water increases by 34 millions m3 and the generated energy decreases by 13 millions kW.h if compared with the case of power generating operation.Therefore,a conflict between water operation and power generating operation can be seen,and this conflict can not be effectively solved without coordination between the management departments of cascade reservoirs and the management departments of water operation.