高温高强度训练条件下耳鼻咽喉疾病的流行病学调查及干预研究

Study of thC epidemiology of otorhinolaryngological diseases and countermeasures among those joining the intensive parade drilling under the high temperature

目的凋猹2009年国庆60周年武警阅兵方队在高温高强度高压力下训练时耳鼻咽喉科常见疾病的流行病学，分析病囚，为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学调查方法对武警阅兵方队某部264名官兵夏季高温高强度及高压力下训练时耳鼻咽喉科常见病进行调查，分析可能致病因素；指导官兵正确发音减少声嘶，鼻出血发生紧急处置和预防，通过心理疏导及减压方式减少耳呜发生，提高训练质量，降低其发生率。结果阅兵方队264名战士中出现过声音嘶哑或发音困难57人， 发病率21．62％，咽喉不适124人，发病率46．97％，鼻出血的发病65人，发病率24．62％，耳鸣83人，发病率34.44%。驻地位于北京，训练强度、思想压力大，睡眠质量下降、不正确发音、个人卫生不良习惯，训练场上的高噪音及灰尘等可能是耳鼻咽喉科常见病高发的主要因素。结论在高温高强度高压力下武警阅兵方队耳鼻咽喉科常见病的发病率较高，主要是声嘶、咽喉炎、鼻出血、耳鸣等，应针对发病因素制定防治措施。

Objective 3% investigate epidemiology and etiological factors caused otorhinolaryngology diseases among the Chinese People＇s Armed Police Forces （CAPF） troops joining the parade drilling on the 60th anniversary of National Day under the high temperature and intensive drilling, in order to provide the scientific basis for developing counten neasures. Methods 264 officers and soliders of CAPF were conducted an examination, and the results were analyzed. Some useful treatments were offered on top of the examination, as such proper pronunciation exercise, nose bleeding emergency treatment, as well as psychological counseling and decompression. Results Th,e incidence of hoarse voice, throat discomfort, nose bleeding and tinnitus was 21.62%, 46.97%, 24.62%, 31.44% , respectively. The factors causing the diseases were described as follows： stationing in Beijing, intensive drilling, mental pressure, poor sleep quality, incorrect pronunciation, personal hygiene habits, the noise and dust in the drill field. Conclusion The high temperature and intensive drilling caused high incidence of otorhinolaryngology diseases, such as hoarseness, sore throat, eptistaxis, and tinnitus. The treatment has to be drawn up on the factors causing the diseases.