新疆北部(北疆)几种苜蓿属植物遗传结构的研究

Studies on the Genetic Diversity of Medicago Populations from Northern Xinjiang

以１７ 份国内外紫花苜蓿栽培品种为对照，对新疆北部地区２８ 份四倍体苜蓿属植物即紫花苜蓿（Ｍｅｄｉｃａｇｏ ｓａｔｉｖａ）、黄花苜蓿（Ｍ．ｆａｌｃａｔａ）、多变苜蓿（Ｍ．ｖａｒｉａ）的遗传结构进行研究。结果表明，四倍体种群为外繁育类型，其总遗传变异的９０％ 以上来源于各种群内部。但由于地理或生殖隔离等因素导致个别种群表现出内繁育衰退现象，因此。

The genetic structure and the genetic diversity of 28 of Medicago (M.sativa, M.falcata, M.varia)populations from Northern Xinjiang were studied. As a comparison, the genetic structure of 17 cultivars of Medicago from 6 nations, China, the United States the former Soviet Union, Peru, Argentina and former Czechoslovakia, were analysed as well. The results showed that the Medicago populations from Northern Xinjiang are outbreeding, and above 90% of the total gene diversity were from internal populations. The inbreeding depression was found in some populations, so it is necessary for these populations to strengthen on-site conservation and off-site conservation.