妙在有“玉”——论妙玉的“玉德”之美

Beauty with Virtues of Jade——On Miaoyu's Beauty

《红楼梦》中妙玉如同宝玉、黛玉一样具有玉性品质,她不仅有美丽的"玉容",而且还有美好的"玉德"。她"才华阜比仙",有"智"德;细心款待贾母一行,有"礼"德;友善帮助邢岫烟,有"仁"德;既蔑视权贵、不愿依附豪门,又"不合时宜"、洁身自好,且有抗争的精神,并对宝玉的品行特别地赏识,有"洁"德。作者塑造妙玉形象,既曲折地表露了对部分僧道的憎恶,又表达了对封建世俗观念的不满,还表现了对女性的深深的同情。

In Dream of the Red Mansion,Miaoyu,as Baoyu and Daiyu,enjoys spiritual qualities of jade,as her name suggests.She not only has the appearance of jade but mild virtues of jade.She is as talented as fairy figures and her intelligence is elaborately revealed through her entertaining Grandma Jia.Her courtesy is exhibited in helping Xing Youyan and her goodness is displayed in her despising nobles and aristocrats.Her uniqueness,though not in fashion,exposes her love of purity and struggle against the pressure from authorities.With her appreciation of Baoyu,the reader can detect her criteria of cleanness.Through the depiction of Miaoyu,the author of Dream of the Red Mansion mildly embodies his disgust with some of the monks and Taoist masters,his discontent to the feudal secular notions and his in-depth sympathy to the female characters.