生态网络分析在滨海新区战略环评中的应用

Application of eco-network analysis in the strategic environmental assessment-as a study case of Binhai new area

以滨海新区卫星影像和规划图为基础资料,在GIS技术支持下运用景观格局分析法和网络结构分析法对滨海新区的生态网络现状、总体规划及战略规划进行评价。在考虑不同生态用地斑块间的距离和景观阻力的基础上,运用重力模型对不同斑块间的相互作用力进行定量分析。结果表明,滨海新区2008年生态网络现状景观破碎化严重且连通性差;总体规划侧重于斑块间的廊道连接,景观连通性高,但大尺度斑块比例小;战略规划侧重于大尺度斑块的构建,但连通性较差。根据景观生态学原理,提出构建滨海新区科学合理的生态网络建议,促进生物多样性的保护。

The present article takes it as its research goal to apply eco-network analysis method to the new Binhai （Tianjin） area＇ s environmental impact. As is known, a new sort of EIA created by using the EIA principle on the level of policy-making, plans and program preparation （PPPs） level for improving the EIA effectiveness and implementing so as to promote the sustainable development strategy. On the basis of application of the above said EIA principles, we have proposed that the ecological network analysis can be done to develop the ecological networks and increase the connectivity between the ecoenvironment preservation and restoration of biodiversity. By means of a land use map created from a landsat-TM satellite from the year of 2008, a map of land-use program for the eco-construction master plan （2020 plan） and the strategic plan（2050 plan）, we began to do the landscape spatial pattern analysis and network structure analysis on a GIS platform so as to assess the planned land use efficiency and the distance between landscape patches. While analyzing the interaction between the different patches quantitatively by using the gravity model, we have done some exploration on the possibility to build a corridor to protect the priority. The results of our investigation show that： the ecological network has more fragments and poor connectivity in 2008 whereas the ecological network in 2020 plan focuses on the high-level connectivity between the patches and the landscape. And, finally, we have put forward the conservation plan to increase the biological diversity with the proposal for enhancing the ecological network in Binhai New Area comprehensively. The result of investigation shows that the increase of green corridors and large-sized patches can distinctly improve the structure and function of the ecological network. It is also favorable for the protection of the biological diversity, that is to say, the more complex the network structure is, the higher the connectivity will become. From what is said above, it can be concluded that the ecological network analysis is prone to the influence of EIA in a large scale, e.g. SEIA.