人体不同生理功能状态对抗渡海运动病能力的影响及对策研究

Effects of Different Physiological Function Status on the Anti-seasickness Ability and Its Countermeasures

[目的]分析人体不同的生理功能状态对抗渡海运动病能力的影响,探讨低下生理状态时渡海运动病发病机制,并提出相关对策。[方法]将54名受试者随机分为3组,分别为剥夺睡眠28h后(睡眠剥夺组)、5km武装越野后(运动性疲劳组)和正常安静状态下(对照组)进行渡海运动病诱发模拟实验。[结果]对照组、睡眠剥夺组和运动性疲劳组渡海运动病总发生率分别为88.9%、100.0%、100.0%(P>0.05)。其中,睡眠剥夺组和运动性疲劳组轻度渡海运动病的发生率分别为33.3%和27.8%,均明显低于对照组(55.6%)(P<0.05);而重度渡海运动病发生率分别为38.9%和33.3%,均明显高于对照组(11.1%)(P<0.05)。同时,该二组(睡眠剥夺组和运动性疲劳组)模拟渡海运动病实验后红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶(RBC-AchE)分别为(21.76±4.85)、(23.71±2.42)kU/L,明显低于对照组(25.29±2.70)kU/L(P<0.01);但血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ(P-AngⅡ)并无明显变化。[结论]睡眠剥夺和运动性疲劳可明显削弱机体抗渡海运动病能力,受训人员进行抗眩晕适应性训练时应保持充足睡眠,掌握多种有利于消除疲劳的方法和手段。

[ Objective ] To study the effects of different physiological function status on anti- seasickness ability, in order to provide the theoretical basis for the adaptability training. [ Methods ] Fifty-four male subjects were divided into 3 groups randomly. The one named sleep-deprivation group who resisted the dizzy simulation experiment after depriving their sleep for 28 hours, the other one named exercise-induced fatigue group who also resisted the same experiment after 5 kilometers armed crosscountry training and the third named control group did the experiment in their normal quiet condition. [ Results ] The incidence of seasickness was 88.9% in the control group, but 100.0% in the sleep-deprivation group and in the exercise-induced fatigue group. The incidence of mild seasickness was 33.3% in the sleep deprivation group and 27.8% in the exercise-induced fatigue one, significantly lower than that in the control group（ 55.6% ）（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidence of severe motion sickness was 38.9% in the sleep-deprivation group and 33.3% in the exercise-induced fatigue one, significantly higher than the control group （ 11.1% ）（ P 〈 0.05 ）. After resisting the dizzy simulation experiment, the RBC-AChE was（ 21.76 ± 4.85 ）kU/L in the sleep-deprivation group and （ 23.71± 2.42 ）kU/L in the exercise-induced fatigue one, significantly lower than that in the control group,（ 25.29 ±2.70 ）kU/L （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The content of AngⅡ in all the test groups had no statistical significant difference with control group. [ Conclusion ] The sleep deprivation and sport induced fatigue can weaken the ability of anti-seasickness. The personnel in training for antiseasickness should have enough sleep and master a variety of ways and means to eliminate fatigue.