静脉留置针注射化疗药物留置时间与静脉损伤程度的相关性研究

Study on the relationship between degree of venous injury and the indwelling time by injection of chemotherapy drugs with intravenous catheter system

目的 观察应用静脉留置针注射化疗药物时留置时间与静脉损伤程度的相关性.方法 选取大耳新西兰白兔43只,抽签法取3只兔为空白对照,另40只随机分为2组,每组20只,取其双耳外缘静脉作为实验血管,留置针穿刺置管.第1组注射生理盐水,第2组注射化疗药物,1次/d,用药后肝素盐水封管.每日用药时肉眼观察局部变化,2组于用药2,4,6,8,10 d后分别取4只腹腔麻醉切取活体标本,病理学观察炎性反应反应和血栓形成.结果 生理盐水组和化疗药物组留置相同时间炎性反应反应比较;2 d无差异;4,6,8 d有差异;10 d无差异.血栓形成比较：2,4 d无差异;6,8,10 d有差异.结论 化疗药物对血管刺激性强,应用静脉留置针注射时即使局部肉眼观察无异常反应,留置时间也不能过长,一般以2 d为宜.

Objective To observe the relationship between degree of venous injury and the indwelling time by injection of chemotherapy drugs with intravenous catheter system. Methods Totally 43 New Zealand rabbits were selected as the study sample. Among them, three rabbits were chosen by lot as a blank control, the others were evenly divided into two groups randomly. The veins at the edges of the two ears were taken out as the tested blood vessels for the infusion with intravenous catheter system. The two groups were injected respectively with physiological saline and chemotherapy drugs once daily, and then blocked with heparin salt water. After intraperitoneal anaesthesia, pathological sections were prepared by taking live samples from the ear vein where intravenous catheter system puncturing on the 2nd, 4th, 6th,8th and 10th day of transfusion. And inflammation and thrombosis in the vein had been observed under the light microscope. Results In the same indwelling time, the inflammatory response of the two groups was compared： no difference on the 2nd day; difference was seen on the 4th、6th and 8th day; but again no difference on the 10th day. Thrombosis compared： no difference on the 2nd, 4th day, but difference was seen on the 6th, 8th and 10th day. Conclusions Chemotherapy drugs has a strong irritant on blood vessels.The indwelling time should not be too long, generally advisable 2 days,even if no abnormal response is observed locally by the naked eye.