老年冠心病患者术后主动脉内球囊反搏辅助治疗的医院感染分析及护理

Analysis in nosocomial infection in elderly patients with intra-aortic balloon pump after coronary artery bypass grafting and nursing

目的 总结冠状动脉移植术后主动脉内球囊反搏（IABP）辅助的老年患者的医院感染情况和护理策略.方法 回顾性分析2006年4月至2009年2月冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助治疗的111例老年患者的医院感染资料,并对结果进行分析.结果 111例患者中发生医院感染29例,其中死亡19例,非医院感染的患者死亡11例,两类患者病死率比较有显著差异.29例院内感染患者中,共分离出阳性菌87株,其中革兰阴性菌47株,革兰阳性菌23株,真菌17株.结论 医院感染是老年冠状动脉移植术后IABP辅助患者的死亡危险因素之一,应严格执行无菌技术,加强护理和监测,控制/减少医院感染的机会,以降低病死率.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience on nosocomial infection in elderly patients with intra-aortic balloon pump （IABP） after coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods The clinical data of elderly patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with application of IABP from April 2006 to February 2009 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results 29 patients suffered nosocomial infection in all 111 cases. The hospital mortality was much higher among patients with nosocomial infection than in patients without nosocomial infection （19 cases vs 11 cases）. 87 positive strains were separated from 29 patients with nosocomial infection, which included 47 strains of gram-negative bacterial, 23 strains of gram-positive bacterial and 17 strains of fungi. Conclusions The nosocomial infection was one of the risk factors for hospital mortality in elderly patients with intra-aortic balloon pump after coronary artery bypass grafting. It is important to take effective nursing strategies to prevent the postoperative nosocomial infection in this population.