1Tonino RP, Meunier PJ, Emkey R, et al. Skeletal benefits of alendronate:7-year treatment of postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Phase Ⅲ Osteoporosis Treatment Study Group[J]. J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2000,85(9) :3109-3015.
2Adami S, Baroni MC, Broggini M, et al. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis with continuous daily oral alendronate in comparison with either placebo or intranasal salmon calcitonin [J]. Osteoporos Int, 1993,3 ( Suppl 3 ) :S21- 27.
4Cao J,Venton L, Sakata T, et al. Expression of RANKL and OPG correlates with age-related bone loss in male C57BL/6 mice[J].J Bone Miner Res,2003,18(2):270-277.
5Hofbauer LC, Gori F, Riggs BL, et al. Stimulation of osteoprotegerin ligand and inhibition of osteoprotegerin production by glucocorticoids in human osteoblastic lineage cells:potential paracrine mechanisms of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis[J]. Endocrinology, 1999,140(10) :4382-4389.
6Frith JC,Rogers MJ. Antagonistic effects of different classes of bisphosphonates in osteoclasts and macrophages in vitro[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2003,18(2) :204-212.
7Ezra A,Golomb G. Administration routes and delivery systems of bisphosphonates for the treatment of bone resorption[J]. Adv Drug Deliv Rev,2000,42(3):175-195.
8Taggart H, Bolognese MA, Lindsay R, et al. Upper gastrointestinal tract safety of risedronate:a pooled analysis of 9 clinical trials[J]. Mayo Clin Proc,2002,77(3) :262-270.
9Lehekari PP, Kellinsalml M, Napankangas JP, et al. Further insight into mechanism of action of clodronate: inhibition of mitochondrial ADP/ATP translocase by a nonhydrolyzable, adenine-containing metabolite [J]. Mol Pharmacol, 2002, 61 (5) : 1255-1262.
10Viereck V, Emons G, Lauck V, et al. Bisphosphonates pamidronate and zoledronic acid stimulate osteoprotegerin production by primary human osteoblasts[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun,2002,291(3) :680-686.