家庭访视对社区精神分裂症患者家庭环境和生活质量影响的研究

Effect of family visit on the family environment and quality of life in community patients with schizophrenia

目的探讨家庭访视对改善社区精神分裂症患者家庭环境和生活质量的效果。方法将出院的精神分裂症患者240例分为研究组(120例)和对照组(120例),出院后两组均给予抗精神药物维持治疗,研究组由经治的主治医师和主管护师组成家庭访视小组,对患者进行3个月1次的家庭访视,为期1年;对照组采用自我管理和家庭监护为主要康复方式。干预1年后,采用家庭环境量表(FES-CV)和生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI),分别对两组的家庭环境状况和生活质量进行评估。结果入组时,FES-CV和GQOLI等量表评定两组间差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。12个月后,研究组FES-CV和GQOLI评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论家庭访视能够改善精神分裂症患者的家庭环境,提高社会功能和生活质量,对精神分裂症患者的康复有积极的作用。

Objective To evaluate the effect of family visit on the family environment and quality of life in community patients with schizophrenia.Methods A total of 240 discharged patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.All the patients received antipsychotic drugs treatment.In addition,the patients in the experimental group received one-year family visits by a visit team composed of doctors and nurses once every three months.The patients were assessed by Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version（FES-CV） and Generic Quality of Life Inventory （GQOLI） before and after the intervention.Results There were no significant differences on the scores of FES-CV and GQOLI between the two groups before the intervention（P〉0.05）.The score of FES-CV and GQOLI were higher in the experimental group than those of control group after the intervention（P〈0.01）.Conclusion Family visit could improve patients＇ family environment of the patients with schizophrenia,promote their quality of life and social functions,therefore,it would have positive effect for the recovery of schizophrenia patients.