整体叶轮分步法数控电解加工工艺与关键技术

Process and Key Technologies of NC Electrochemical Machining of Integral Impeller via Fractional-Step Method

针对航空发动机整体叶轮的加工难题,在单步加工法的基础上对叶片电解加工工艺进行改进,提出了分步法叶片电解加工工艺.首先制定了叶片的分步电解加工方案,采用切片法提取叶片加工的工艺数据,并利用整体叶轮叶片电解加工的专用软件对叶片电解加工工序的加工区域进行合理划分,对加工路径进行规划,据此计算出阴极运动的控制路径与各坐标轴运动分量,实现了叶片数控加工编程,最后通过加工试验验证该工艺方法的可行性.试验证明,该工艺方法解决了整体叶轮叶片的加工难题,提高了叶片加工的精度,缩短了加工准备时间.

In order to solve the problems existing in the machining of the aeroengine＇s integral impeller, an improved electrochemical machining process, namely, the fractional-step method, is presented based on the one-step method. In the investigation, first, a fractional-step machining process of the blade is proposed. Then, the machining data of the blade are extracted via the section-cutting method. Moreover, with the help of a specific software for the electrochemical machining of the integral impeller, the processing region of different procedures are reasonably divided and the machining path is planned. Thus, the motion path of tool cathode and the displacements of the axes can be calculated, and the corresponding NC machining program can be generated. Finally, some machining tests are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method effectively solves the key problems existing in the blade machining of the integral impeller and that it improves the sha- ping accuracy and shortens the preparation time.