盾叶薯蓣四倍体及辐射株系薯蓣皂苷元含量分析

Determination of the Diosgenin Content in Tetraploid Lines and Radiation Lines of Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright

目的提高盾叶薯蓣药材的品质。方法通过组织培养,分别用秋水仙素和Co60射线处理盾叶薯蓣愈伤组织和丛生芽,获得盾叶薯蓣四倍体和辐射株系,并分别对其试管苗和部分株系一年生田间苗根茎中的薯蓣皂苷元含量进行分析。结果经诱导获得的大部分四倍体和辐射株系试管苗根茎中薯蓣皂苷元含量都超过了二倍体株系;四倍体株系试管苗与一年生苗根茎中薯蓣皂苷元含量有较强的相关性,而辐照株系试管苗与一年生苗根茎中薯蓣皂苷元含量相关性不明显。但整体看,根茎中薯蓣皂苷元含量高的试管苗在田间生长1年后,薯蓣皂苷元含量一般也较高。结论在组织培养的基础上,利用多倍体和辐射诱变育种来改善盾叶薯蓣的品质是可行的。

OBJECTIVE To improve the quality of Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H.Wright.METHODS By tissue culture,callus and clump buds of D.zingiberensis were treated with colchicine and 60Co γ ray to induce autotetraploid lines and radiation lines which were selected according to the diosgenin content in rhizoma of the plantlets and some one-year growth plants.RESULTS The diosgenin content in rhizoma of the most autotetraploid and radiation plantlets were higher than that of contral.The diosgenin content in rhizoma of autotetraploid plantlets and one-year growth plants had strong relation.On the contrary,it had no evident relation in radiation lines.On the whole,the lines with high content diosgenin in rhizoma of the plantlets might have high content of diosgenin in seedling.CONCLUSION On the basis of tissue culture,the research project of polyploidy and radiation breeding was reasonable for improving the quality of D.zingiberensis.