江苏省海安县2008-2009年疑似预防接种反应监测分析

Investigation of vaccine adverse events in Hai′an county,Jiangsu province,2008-2009

目的对预防接种过程中使用的一、二类疫苗发生疑似预防接种异常反应（AEFI）发生率进行监测,评价疫苗的安全性和预防接种服务质量。方法利用儿童预防接种信息管理系统AEFI管理模块,收集一、二类疫苗疑似预防接种异常反应信息进行分析。采用SPSS 10.0统计软件,率的比较用χ2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2008-2009年共接种疫苗53.4万剂次,报告AEFI 184例,报告发生率34.44/10万。AEFI发生率位于前三位的是无细胞百白破、23价肺炎、B型流感嗜血杆菌结合疫苗（Hib）,该3种疫苗AEFI报告发生数占总报告数的51.09%。反应分类集中在一般反应,占86.96%。预防接种副反应以常规免疫接种儿童为主,主要集中在3~9月份,89.47%发生在接种24 h内,经对接种第一针次发生一般反应与异常等反应进行统计学分析,χ2=2.3232,P〉0.05,差异无统计学意义。结论本调查表明,发生AEFI因素多种多样,要改进疫苗制备工艺,提高业务人员的综合素质,严格掌握疫苗禁忌症,规范接种流程能减少AEFI的发生。

Objective To evaluate vaccine safety and quality of inoculation service by analyzing the vaccine adverse events of the first and second shots.Methods The data were collected from the database of Children Vaccination Information Management System.Vaccine adverse events（VAE）were retrieved with the function of adverse events following immunization（AEFI）.The incidence rate of VAE was calculated for the year of 2008-2009.Results The reported incidence rate of VAE was 34.4/100 000（184/534 000）in 2008-2009.They occurred most frequently following the vaccination of non-cell DTP,pneumococcal and Hib vaccines,respectively,which occupied 51.09% of reported cases.86.96% of reported vaccine adverse events were describes as mild or considerable.Conclusion Vaccine adverse events could be induced by different factors.It is important to find causations of the cases and decrease the incidence rate.