云南省昭通市2000-2009年食物中毒情况分析

Food poisoning in Zhaotong city,Yunnan province,2000-2009

目的了解昭通市近10年来食物中毒发生的特点和规律,为今后食物中毒的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法对昭通市2000-2009年食物中毒统计报表、现场调查资料进行统计分析。结果 10年间共发生食物中毒48起,中毒人数1 056人,死亡50例,病死率为4.74%,中毒发生以夏秋季为主,占87.50%。中毒原因以微生物性食物中毒为主,占47.92%,发生场所以农村散发、集体食堂为主。结论制定切实可行的食物中毒应急预案,完善食物中毒的应急处理体系,加大卫生监管力度,广泛宣传食物中毒的预防知识,有效地减少本地区食物中毒事件的发生。

Objective To study and the characteristics of food poisoning over the last decade in Zhaotong city and provide a scientific evidence for prevention and control of food poisoning in future.Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on food poisoning from 2000 to 2009 based on data of annual reports and on-site survey investigations.Results Fourty-eight outbreaks of food poisoning were reported during the period,which affected 1 056 residents and had 50 deaths.The mortality rate of food poisoning was 4.74%.Most of cases occurred in Summer and Autumn（87.50%）.47.92% of the outbreaks were caused by microbial food poisoning.The cases were most scattered or occurred in restaurants.Conclusion The practical prevention plan and efficient emergency response system of outbreaks have to be improved to decrease the mortality rate of the food poisoning.Food safety inspection and education should be strengthened in the city.