儒家文化对当前中国心理健康服务实践的影响

The Impact of the Confucian Culture to Present Mental Health Services of Chinese

心理健康服务是以心理学的理论和方法为主导来维护与促进人们心理健康的活动。它与个人的心理因素和社会文化因素有必然联系,中国心理健康服务植根于中国文化的土壤之中,它本身就是文化的产物。而儒家文化作为中国社会的主流文化,它在中国心理健康服务过程中具有表征、构建、指导、唤起功能;对心理健康服务者和被服务者的人格、应对方式以及服务态度和行为产生直接和间接影响。中国心理健康服务模式与儒家文化传统的关系问题实际上涉及的是心理健康服务与文化的普遍性与特殊性问题。构建适合中国文化土壤的心理健康服务体系需要研究儒家文化传统对心理健康服务模式的观念、理论及实践操作层面的作用和影响。

The mental health services （MHS） refers to activities for the maintenance and promotion of one＇s mental health dominated by psychological theories and methods. It has a fatal connection among individual psychological factors and social-cultural factors. Chinese MHS is rooted in Chinese culture, and is itself the product of it. Confucian culture is the main stream in Chinese culture; it has representational, constructive, directive, and evoked emotions functions in the process of the MHS. And has direct or indirect impacts on personality, coping styles, and seeking-help toward attitudes and behaviors of Chinese MHS＇ counselors and clients. The relationship between Chinese MHS models and the Confucian culture tradition are in fact related to etic and emic problems of Chinese culture and MHS. To construct a fitful public Chinese MHS system must consider the role and impact of Confucian culture to MHS＇ idea, theories and practices.