上海市新婚夫妇对孩子性别偏好状况及其影响因素的分析

Sex Preference for Offspring and It's Influencing Factors Among Newly married Couples in Shanghai

对上海卢湾、虹口两区７８７２对新婚夫妇婚后１５个月内的随访资料分析显示，半数以上的夫妇（５４．９％的妻子和５３．０％的丈夫）对孩子的性别无偏好，２０．９％的妻子和２９．３％的丈夫偏好男孩，２５．９％的妻子和１５．６％的丈夫偏好女孩。喜欢男孩和女孩的原因不同。偏好男孩的夫妇想要２个孩子的比例较高。多分类（ｍｕｌｔｉｎｏｍｉａｌｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ）回归分析表明，夫妇的年龄、夫妇及父母的文化程度、夫妇的职业、家庭经济和住房状况、有无兄弟及夫妇双方谁为生育事件的决定者等因素影响其对孩子性别的偏好状况。本文提示，在上海市区。

Based on the data from the survey of 7,872 newly married couples,who got the marriage licenses in two districts of Shanghai from Aug,1987 to Aug.1988 and were followed up to the fifteen month after marriage,we analyzed couples′sex preference for child,effect of sex preference on fertility behavior and factors affectings couples′sex preference.More than half of couples(54 9% of wives and 53 0% of husbads)had no sex preferenc for child,20 9% of wives and 29 3% of husbads desired for boy,and 25 9% of wives and 15 6% of husbads desired for daughter respectively.The main reasons for couples′preference for a boy were “boy is clever and could be cultivated”,“to main the family line”and“to save my face by having a son”.The main reasons for couples′ preference for a girl were “girl could take care of us when we get older”and “girl is more elegant and easy to be dressed up”.Couples desired for son had higher percentage of desire for two children.Sex preference had a minor effect on couples′ fertility behavior(i.e.the waiting time for conception,contraceptive use and fertility status).The results of multinomial logisitic regression showed that couples′ age at marriage,couples′and their parents′ education,couples′occupation,household income,housing status,husband had brother(s)or not and who was the decision maker for fertility event affected couples′sex preference for child.Evidence indicates that the further reduction in couples′sex preference for child in Shanghai is no of significance in family planning work.