2000～2009年昭通市流行性乙型脑炎疫情分析

Epidemiological analysis of Japanese encephalitis in Zhao Tong Prefecture from 2000～ 2009

目的了解昭通市乙脑流行情况,为有效预防控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法收集2000～2009年昭通市乙脑疫情数据采用描述性流行病学现况分析方法进行整理分析。结果 2000～2009年乙脑发病基本呈周期性波动趋势,10年共报告乙脑病例1151例,发病率最高5.1049/10万,最低0.8779/10万,年均发病率2.3509/10万,死亡40例,年均死亡率为0.0861/10万。10岁以下儿童占发病总数68.30%;男性比女性多,疫情在6月开始上升,8月为高峰期,9月开始下降。结论发病呈现明显的夏季(8月)高峰;发病年龄以10岁以下儿童为主。结论预防控制乙脑疫情的有效措施主要是以乙脑疫苗预防接种及切断传播途径(防蚊灭蚊),辅以加强环境卫生管理,卫生宣教和疫情监测、预测和预警。

Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of Japanese encephalitis（ JE） in Zhao Tong Prefecture,provide the scientific evidence for the development of effective prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted. Results From 2000 to 2009,a total of 1151 ca- ses of JE occurred in Zhao Tong Prefecture,with 717 male cases and 434 female cases. The average incidence of JE was 2. 3509 per one hundred thousand population and the total incidence of JE presented a cycles. Conclu- sion The overall incidence of JE in Zhao Tong Prefecture cycle with the obvious peak in summer（ August） and more cases in young age group. Preventive vaccination and anti mosquito methods should be taken for the control of JE and the intensified surveillance of high risk cases and regions should be conducted to reduce the incidence of JE Zhao Tong Prefecture.