温敏性PNIPAAm多孔水凝胶制备方法的研究进展

Progress in the Preparation Methods of Thermosensitive Porous PNIPAAm Hydrogel

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAAm)水凝胶由于其大分子侧链上同时含有亲水性的酰胺基和疏水性的异丙基而成为一种典型的温敏性水凝胶。但传统方法制备的PNIPAAm水凝胶对环境温度的响应速率非常慢,因而限制了它在相关领域的应用效果。为克服这一不足,将多孔结构引入PNIPAAm水凝胶是一种行之有效的方法。综述了近年来有关多孔PNIPAAm水凝胶的制备方法,如相分离法、模板法、致孔剂法、聚合物互穿网络法、冷冻聚合法等的研究进展及各自的优缺点。

Poly（N-isopropylacrylamide） （PNIPAAm） hydrogel is a typical thermosensitive hydrogel due to the presence of both hydrophilic amide groups and hydrophobic isopropyl groups in side-chains. The temperature responsive property makes PNIPAAm-based hydrogels attract great attentions on biomedical and bioengineering applications such as drug delivery systems, immobilization of enzymes, memory of the original switch, biosensors and so on. However, the conventional PNIPAAm hydrogels are often restricted in their application due to very slow rates of swelling/deswelling in response to an external stimulus. In order to achieve rapid responsive rate, a common strategy is to create an interconnecting pore structure within the hydrogel matrices. The research progresses in the preparation methods of porous PNIPAAm hydrogel in domestic and abroad, such as phase separation method, emulsion templating method, porogonic agent, polymer interpenetrating networks, freezing polymerization and so on are reviewed.