转型国家的宪法审查制度之管窥

Constitutional Review System of Transitional Countries

在经历了第三波民主潮流之后,许多转型国家都选择了独立的司法审查制度作为宪法的保障。由于受到不同国家的影响,加之本国的特征存在差异,它们建立起形式多样的司法审查机制。这些宪法审查机制在组织结构与权力运作上都有各自的特点。本文指出:虽然我国并未采取司法性宪法审查模式,然而学习与研究这些国家的宪法审查机制对推进我国的宪政建设乃不无裨益。基于我国目前的宪法审查制度建构,我们可以从组织机构、权力运行以及文化建设三方面借鉴转型国家宪法审查的经验,推进我国的宪法审查制度实践。

After experiencing the third wave of democratic trend, the transitional countries have chosen an independent judicial review as a constitutional protection. Their mode of choice is due to the impact of char- acteristics of different countries, which establish various forms of judicial review mechanisms. The mecha- nisms of these constitutional reviews vary from each other in the organizational structure and operation of power. This article points out：although our country does not take judicial constitutional review model, the study and research of these countries＇ constitutional review mechanism may advance our country＇s constitutional construction. Based on these experiences from the organization, operation, and cultural construction, we could promote our country＇s constitutional review system in practice.