时间异步无线传感器网络的目标跟踪动态成簇算法

A dynamic clustering algorithm for target tracking in asynchronous wireless sensor networks

为了解决时间异步无线传感器网络在目标跟踪时的节点协作管理和跟踪时间配准问题,提出了一种适用于时间异步条件下目标跟踪的动态成簇算法。该方法通过分析目标的无线信号强度和各节点至目标的距离来动态组建跟踪簇,然后依据目标及簇头的通信距离对簇头射频信号的覆盖区域进行功能划分,实现节点对目标的协作跟踪,同时以簇为跟踪时间的计算单元,通过簇内计时和簇间贯序传递的方法实现跟踪时间的配准。仿真实验表明,该算法进行目标跟踪时能有效均衡网络能耗,且具有较好的跟踪精度和系统鲁棒性。

In order to solve the problems of node cooperation and tracking time registration in target tracking of wireless sensor networks, a dynamic clustering algorithm on the condition of time asynchronous is proposed. The algorithm dynamically establishes tracking-clusters by analyzing the wireless signal strength of the target and distances from target to nodes, and then restructures the covered area of the RF signal for functional partition by the cluster header according to the communi- cation distance between the target and the cluster header. The algorithm uses the cluster as the unit for calculation of tracking time, and the tracking time is registered by timing in cluster and sequence transferring between different clusters. The simulation results show that the algorithm can proportion the energy consumption of network effectively, and has the good performance in tracking accuracy and system robustness.