北京市社区老年人健康状况及卫生服务需求的调查研究

Health Status and Demands of the Elderly Population for Community Health Services in Beijing Communities

目的了解北京市社区老年人群的健康疾患状况及卫生服务需求,掌握其健康不安全的表现特征,从而有针对性地改善老年人群的整体健康水平,并为优化和配置卫生资源提供依据。方法通过现场调查的方法,对北京市1018名社区老年人进行健康疾患状况及卫生服务需求的调查。结果老年人对健康自我评价一般,23.7%的老年人认为自己的健康状况不好或很不好;慢性病时点患病率高达78.2%;不能完全自理的老年人的比例约为7.5%,出现明显功能障碍的比例为15.5%;老年人对家庭病床的需求比较高,希望能提供更多的公益性医疗服务。结论慢性病已成为老年人不可忽视的健康问题,今后应更加做好慢性病防控工作;应结合老年人的特点,加强社区公益性医疗服务项目建设;针对不同需求的老年人群,开展多种形式与层次的服务。

Objective To improve the health status of the whole group of the elderly and present evidence to optimize the health resource allocation by learn about health insecurity character of the elderly.Methods Household survey method was used to investigate 1 018 elderly citizens through the questionnaires about the health status and their demands for community health services.Results The self-rated health of the elderly was not so good and about 23.7% of them thought they were not healthy.The point prevalence rate of the chronic diseases was 78.2%.Around 7.5% of the elderly failed to do the daily living completely by themselves and even 15.5% of them were with apparent dysfunction.The survey showed that the demand of the elderly for family care beds was higher and they also wanted the community health services can afford more health care of public benefits.Conclusion The chronic diseases have become the biggest problems of the elderly people and should be paid more attention to.The public health services should be strengthened considering the characteristic of the elderly and multiple types and levels of services should be developed and offered to cope with the different demands of elderly population.