大流量水电站表孔泄洪消能体型试验

Study of surface orifice flood discharge and energy dissipation structure of hydropower station with large discharge

大流量水电站的消能设计历来都是非常复杂和困难的.在1:60溢流坝表、中泄水孔断面模型上对密松水电站泄水建筑物的布置方案进行了泄流能力、流速流态、压力分布等相关水力学问题的试验研究,并通过10多个方案的比较优化,提出了基本可行的泄水建筑物体型和消力池型式.研究成果表明:表孔取消宽尾墩,采用跌坎式消力池方案,可有效降低底流消能时的池底板流速,同时消除宽尾墩形成的水翅击打两侧导墙现象,达到了较满意的消能效果.试验成果对该工程设计提供了较好的参考方案,并对类似工程有很好的启发借鉴作用.

Normally,it is much complicated and difficult to design energy dissipation of hydropower station with large discharge.On surface and middle orifice local hydraulic model of spillway dam,energy dissipation capacity,velocity,flow pattern,pressure distribution and related hydraulic problems of Myitsone hydropower station were studied.Practicable discharging structure and stilling pool pattern were put forward through comparison and optimization of over ten schemes.The study results show that the schemes of canceling flaring gate pier and adopting declined pattern stilling pool could decrease the velocity of stilling pool base slab efficiently;at the same time diminish water wing hitting guide wall so as to obtain satisfying energy dissipation effect.The study results provide better reference scheme for engineering design and have much inspirational effect on similar projects.