公共汽车女司乘人员生殖健康状况的流行病学研究

Epidemiological studies on reproductive health status of female bus conductors and drivers

目的为探讨公共汽车女司乘人员的职业卫生特点对生殖健康的影响。方法对女司乘人员９２５人及对照组女职员９３９人的生殖健康状况进行了调查研究。结果女司乘人员月经异常率（已婚２２５％，未婚３３８％），自然流产率（８２％）及低出生体重发生率（６５２‰）显著高于对照组。妇科疾患中，宫颈炎、阴道炎、盆腔炎的患病率各为４０３％、７１％、２４％，慢性泌尿系感染率９３％，显著高于对照组。结论研究结果提示，工作条件对女司乘人员生殖健康有不良影响。

Objective In order to study the effects of occuptional hazard on reproductive health status of female bus conductors and drivers.Methods Totally 925 female bus conductors and drivers and 939 female office workers as control group were investigated. Results The results indicated that the incidence of menstrual disturbances (22.5% married and 33.8% unmarried);spontaneous abortion(8.2%);low birth weight (65.2‰) in female bus conductors and drivers were significantly higher than that of control group.As for the gynecological diseases,the morbidity rate of cervicitis (40 3%),vaginitis(7 1%),pelvic inflammation(2 4%) and chronic urinary tract infection(9.3%) were also found to be significantly higher than that of control group. Conclusion These results showed that the working condition of female bus conductors and drivers would have adverse effects of female reproductive health.