炊事员肺癌流行病学调查研究

Epidemiological study of lung cancer among kitchenH

目的为了解炊事员肺癌发病情况。方法采用回顾性方法，对２３４５名炊事员进行了２５年死因流行病学调查。结果炊事员肺癌粗死亡率为９８０２／１０万，与当地居民比较，男女肺癌死亡率明显增高，ＳＭＲ分别为１９９、２４０（Ｐ＜００５）。进一步分析发现，炊事员肺癌高发主要集中于接触油烟浓度较大的烹调工，ＳＭＲ分别为３８８、６６７（Ｐ＜００５），而接触油烟较轻的白案工肺癌发病率较低。结论提示炊事员的肺癌高发具有职业性特征。

Objective In order to know the incidence of lung cancer among kitchen. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed on the death causes of 2 345 cooks for a period of 25 years. Results The results showed that the crude mortality of lung cancer of the cooks was 98. 02 per 10 5 population per year. Compared with the population of the same region, the SMR from lung cancer of male and female were 1.99 and 2.40 (all P <0.05) respectively. The results also showed that the kitcheners with high incidence of lung cancer were exposed to high concentration of edible oil fume in their working environment. The mortalities of lung cancer in male and female group also demonstrated excess amount of exposure as compared with control group. The SMR were 3.88 and 6.67 (all P <0.05) respectively. The kitchen of bread making with exposure to slight toxicants showed a low incidence of lung cancer. Conclusion It indicated that the excess of lung cancer among the kitchen might have their occupational characteristics.