中东欧国家的右翼政党：特点和意识形态

Right-wing Political Parties in Central and Eastern Europe:Characteristics and Ideologies

中东欧国家右翼政党是社会经济转轨以及欧洲一体化和全球化进程中的政治产物,它们既不是二战前该地区右翼政党的回归,也不是对西方意识形态的简单照搬。意识形态褊狭的右翼政党在政治竞争中逐步被淘汰,而把民族主义和自由主义有效结合的政党能扩大支持基础,成为该地区成功的右翼政党,这也是主流右翼政党的发展方向。阶级基础错位是一个特殊转轨时期的暂时政治现象,工人阶级的利益诉求还是会在左翼政党的政治主张中体现出来。相对于西欧右翼政党,中东欧右翼政党更具民族主义特色。反共只是右翼政党政治斗争的工具,越来越不具备意识形态内涵。

The right-wing parties in Central and Eastern Europe countries are the political products of the socio-economic transition,European integration and the globalization process.They are neither the return of the old right parties in the region before World War II,nor a simple copy of the right parties in Western Europe.The parties with a narrow ideologies in the political competition will be phased out,and those who could make the effective combination of nationalist and liberal ideologies can expand the base of support,and become successful right-wing political parties in the region,which is the development direction of the mainstream right-wing parties.Dislocation of the class basis is a temporary political phenomenon during the special transition period,and the interests of working class will be represented by left-wing political parties at last.Compared to the right-wing parties in Western Europe,the right-wing political parties in Central and Eastern Europe are with more nationalism.For the right-wing,anti-communism is just a tool for political struggle,without ideological connotations.