不同玉米品种耐低氮能力鉴定与评价

Screening and Identification of Low Nitrogen Tolerance in Different Maize hybrids

选用30个生产上推广的玉米品种,以耐低氮胁迫指数为玉米表型性状的相对值,通过分析不同施氮水平下相关性状的变化,探讨玉米品种耐低氮能力鉴定指标,筛选耐低氮玉米品种。结果表明,相对单穗质量(低氮胁迫指数)在所有调查性状的相对值中变异幅度最大;相对单穗质量与相对千粒质量、相对穗长和相对穗粒数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。以相对单穗质量作为鉴定玉米品种耐低氮能力的核心指标,千粒质量、穗长和穗粒数作为间接筛选指标,初步筛选出了郑单958、陕单8815、京科28等具有较强耐低氮能力的品种。

The field experiment was conducted with 30 different maize cultivars and measured the relative values of maize agronomic traits which indicated with low-nitrogen-tolerance indexes.Variations of the related agronomic traits under the treatments of the tested nitrogen application rates were used for selection of low-nitrogen-tolerance and determination of low-nitrogen-tolerant variety.The results showed that relative weight per ear varied mostly among the measured traits.The relative weight per ear was significantly related to the relative weight of 1 000 grains,ear length,and grains per ear（P001）.Thus,using the relative weight per ear as the key indicator of low-nitrogen-tolerance and assisted with the relative weight of 1000 grains,ear length,and grains per ear,Zhengdan 958,Shaandan 8815 and Jingke 28 were determined as the maize hybrids with higher tolerance to low nitrogen stress.