我国优秀男子跳高运动员起跳技术的运动学分析

Kinematics Analysis on Take-off Technique of Chinese Elite Male High Jumper

采用专家访谈法、三维高速摄像法、录像解析法等研究方法,对我国4名优秀男子跳高运动员的起跳技术进行分析。研究发现:现代高水平背越式男子跳高运动员越来越重视起跳的速度,重心在起跳阶段缓冲不明显,腾起角度有减小的趋势;在起跳阶段我国男子跳高运动员起跳腿的缓冲幅度大于国外优秀运动员,髋、膝、踝3个关节的缓冲技术同起跳质量和运动员的伤病有很大联系;上下肢摆动的协调配合可以帮助运动员获得良好的起跳效果,建议教练员重视上下肢摆动比例的训练。

This article adopted the methods of literature,expert interview,photography of three dimensional in high speed,and mathematic statistics etc to analyze the approach technique of four Chinese elite male high jumpers.Research conclusion：At the present stage elite male Fosbury flop jumper pay more attention on take-off speed;the CG at take-off phase has a not obvious amortization.The take-off angle has the tendency of diminution;the amortized extent of take-off leg of Chinese male jumper is bigger than foreign athletes.The amortization technique of three joints hip,knee and ankle have a comparatively large relative to take-off quality and the injury of athletes;If the swing of upper and lower limbs have a well coordination,that will give a favorable take-off effect to athlete.So we need do a strict require to athlete for control the proportion relation of the upper and lower limbs swing.