国外道歉语研究综述

A Survey of Apology Studies Abroad

道歉语是生活中常见的言语行为。近几十年来,对道歉语的研究从现代语言学方向不断向后现代语言学方向靠拢,注重对语言及其在使用中的不确定性、多样性和复杂性进行研究。文章对道歉语从语用学、社会语言学及社会学等方面的研究进行了梳理、综述,认为道歉语的研究是语篇的、评价的以及主体间建构的。具有不同社会关系的个人为了达到交际目的,在道歉语产生的过程中不断调整、协商,去选择自己的语言,建构自己的身份。这种对语言的多学科的微观分析会为道歉语研究提供新的思路。

Apology is a language phenomenon in our daily life.The study of apology nowadays develops from the modern linguistic orientation to the post-modern linguistic orientation,paying special attention to its uncertainty,variety and complexity.The present paper will survey the study of apology from the perspective of pragmatics,sociolinguistics,and sociology,and takes the idea that the study of apology is discoursive,attitudinal and constructive.People readjust and negotiate their languages to achieve the individual purposes.The micro-multidisciplinary study of language will surely give a newperspective to the study of apology.