苹果抗寒育种亲本选择选配的研究

Studies on Selecting and Matching of Parent Materials in Cold Resistant Breeding of Apple

以苹果抗寒育种杂交后代群体为试材,分析苹果杂种之抗性、果实鲜食品质和耐贮性等主要经济性状与亲本选择选配的关系。研究结果表明,选用不同父本或不同母本.其后代的抗寒性有明显差异,且具有母性遗传倾向;果实肉质、含糖量和鲜食品质与父本呈正相关;果实耐贮性取决于贮藏期间果肉硬度下降速度快慢和可溶性同形物、pH 值稳定系数高低。以东光为母本,以富士为父本,是大苹果栽培过渡区域抗寒育种的理想亲本。

In this study,hybrid offspring populations of cold-resistant apple breed were used as materials.Relationships between major economic characters (hybrid's cold-hardiness,fresh fruit quality,fruit storage property and others) and parent material selecting and matching were analysed detailly.The results showed that the cold resistance of off springs presented aparent difference because of different male or female parent and showed the tendency of material inheritance,Sarcocarp nature,sugar content of fruit and fresh fruit quality were positively correlated with their paternal characters,fruit storage property was dependent on the speed of fruit firmness decreasing and levels of stability of pH value and soluable solid content during the storage period.‘Dongguang’as a female parent and ‘Fuji’as a male parent are ideal for cold-resistant bbreeding in the transitional region of apple cultivation.