缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病和肺心病患者膳食调查分析

ANALYSIS OF A DIETARY SURVEY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC STABLE OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AND COR PULMONALE

目的：探讨缓解期慢性阻塞性肺疾病（ＣＯＰＤ）和肺心病患者营养不良与膳食营养物质摄入的关系，以提出相应的饮食治疗和支持措施。方法：采用２４ｈ膳食回忆调查法对北京地区和唐山地区共１５６例缓解期ＣＯＰＤ和肺心病患者进行逐个入户调查。结果：热能和２６种营养素，如蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钙、锌、硒、镁、铜、锰、钠、钾、铁、维生素Ａ、维生素Ｂ１、维生素Ｂ２、维生素Ｃ、维生素ＰＰ、维生素Ｅ和８种必需氨基酸（异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸）的摄入量与每人每天营养素标准供给量比较，均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜００１），其中只有铁和维生素Ｅ摄入尚足。同时，蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物三大供热营养素的产热百分比也存在明显不合理。

Objective:To determine relationship between malnutrition and nutritive intake in patients with chronic stable obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and cor pulmonale.Methods:A 24 hour diet retrospective survey was carried out in 156 stable patients with COPD and cor pulmonale in Beijing and Tangshan,and all patients were investigated at their home.Results:Significant differences in energy and 26 kinds of nutrients such as protein,lipid,carbohydrate,calcium,zinc,selenium,magnesium,copper,manganese,natrium,kaliu m,iron,vitamin A,vitamin B 1,vitamin B 2,vitamin C,vitamin PP,vitamin E,and eight kinds of essential amino acids were shown between recommend dietary allowance(RDA) and daily food intake(DFI)( P <0 01).The intake of iron and vitamin E was enough,whereas the intake of energy and other nutrients was not enough.Meanwhile,the calorigenic percentages of protein,lipid and carbohydrate were not fit for patients with COPD and cor pulmonale.Conclusion:Appropriate dietary guide and alimentotherapy is one of the most important sections of the treatment of stable patients with COPD and cor pulmonale.