沈阳市男男性行为人群HIV感染率及其影响因素分析

HIV infection and its associated factors among men who have sex with men in Shenyang

目的了解沈阳市男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染率及其影响因素,进一步做好MSM的艾滋病防治工作。方法采用同伴推动法(RDS)招募900名MSM,由经过专业培训的调查员进行面对面的问卷调查,主要内容包括社会人口学特征、艾滋病知识知晓水平、性行为状况、接受干预服务情况和HIV/梅毒感染状况,并抽取静脉血检测HIV及梅毒,对影响HIV感染的相关因素进行χ2检验。结果调查了900名MSM,艾滋病知识知晓率达到91.3%。86.9%的调查对象最近6个月有同性肛交性行为,最近6个月与男性发生肛交性行为时每次都使用安全套的比例为57.5%。HIV感染率为9.3%,梅毒感染率为11.0%。分析显示,年龄较大、文化程度在初中及以下、最近6个月与男性发生肛交性行为时未坚持使用安全套、梅毒感染是感染HIV的危险因素。结论 MSM人群高危性行为发生率、HIV和梅毒感染率均高,可能成为当前HIV流行的重要人群和重要因素,应采取积极有效的宣传教育和行为干预活动。

Objective To investigate HIV-related knowledge,high risk behavior and HIV/syphilis infection rate among men who have sex with men（MSM）in Shenyang.Methods A face-to-face questionnaire interview was conducted among MSM recruited by using Respondent Driven Sampling（RDS）method.Questionnaire survey was carried out among MSM by trained medical professionals.Variables included social demographic characteristics,HIV/AIDS awareness,sexual behaviors,status of the intervention and HIV/syphilis infection rate.χ2 test was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 900 MSM were surveyed.The rate of HIV/AIDS awareness was 91.3% among MSM.The rate of anal sex during the past 6 months was 86.9% and only 57.5% of them used condom consistently.The prevalence of HIV and syphilis was 9.3% and 11.0%,respectively.The analysis identified that the older MSM,junior middle schooling or below,unprotected anal intercourse and syphilis infection were risk factors associated with HIV infection.Conclusion The rate of high risk behavior was high,so were the prevalence of HIV and syphilis among MSM.They may become a source of HIV/AIDS epidemic.It is urgent to provide effective health education and behavioral intervention targeting to them.