现代仪器用实时分布式操作系统

MODERN INSTRUMENT ORIENTED REAL TIME DISTRIBUTED OPERATING SYSTEM

为了给多功能、多参数、智能化、网络化的现代仪器系统提供一种更好的软硬件支撑环境，作者研制了现代仪器用弱实时分布式操作系统（ＩＯＷＲＴＤＯＳ）．其结构自底向上共分为３层：通用硬件接口（ＧＨＩ）层、微内核（Ｍｉｃｒｏｋｅｒｎｅｌ）层和全局共享对象（ＧＳＯ）层．ＧＨＩ封装了硬件细节，为操作系统的其余部分提供了一个理想的机器结构．Ｍｉｃｒｏｋｅｒｎｅｌ是ＩＯＷＲＴＤＯＳ的核心，主要提供内存管理、多线程管理和中断管理等操作系统常规机制．ＧＳＯ通过全局共享对象消除了各结点之间的物理边界，为系统提供了一种透明的分布式处理能力．由于其体系结构综合了层次模型和微内核模型，分析与设计采用面向对象技术，因而系统具有结构灵活、模块性好、易于移植、自由扩充和高性能价格比等特点．

The directions of modern instrument system are multi function, multi parameter, intelligence and network. To provide a more excellent hardware and software supporting environment for this trend, the authors develop a modern instrument oriented weak real time distributed operating system (IOWRTDOS). From the bottom to the top it consists of three layers: general hardware interface (GHI) layer, microkernel layer and global shared object (GSO) layer. GHI encapsulates the hardware and presents an idealized machine architecture to the rest of the operating system. Microkernel, as the core of IOWRTDOS, provides basic mechanisms of the operating system such as memory, multithreads and interrupt management. GSO transcends the physical boundaries between the processor nodes by making use of a few global shared objects and presents the system with a transparent distributed processing capability. Because the system integrates layer model and microkernel model in the architecture design and takes object oriented technique during the analysis and implementation, it has many advantages such as flexible architecture, excellent modularity, easy portability, free extensibility and good performance price ratios.