季节因素对供精志愿者精液冷冻前后相关参数的影响

Impact of seasonal variation on pre-and post-thaw donor semen parameters

目的:本研究旨在了解季节因素对供精志愿者冷冻前后精液参数及前向运动精子冷冻复苏率的影响。方法:6414份精液样本均来自2006年9月～2008年6月在浙江省人类精子库捐精的1135例供精志愿者,年龄22～32岁;按取精时间划分为春、夏、秋、冬季组;对所有精液标本均进行精液常规分析,对其中达到精子库冷冻标准的精液进行分装、冷冻,并进行复苏后的精液常规分析。结果:精液量春季最多[(2.92±1.17)ml],明显高于夏、秋、冬3个季节[(2.71±1.07)、(2.74±1.15)、(2.83±1.15)ml],有显著性差异(P均<0.05);精子密度秋季最高[(105.60±39.76)×106/ml],明显高于春、夏、冬3个季节[(101.18±40.16)×106/ml、(93.54±35.10)×106/ml、(101.29±38.37)×106/ml],有显著性差异(P均<0.05);前向运动精子百分率春季最高[(58.49±10.04)%],明显高于夏、秋、冬3个季节[(57.60±8.97)%、(56.76±9.63)%、(56.60±8.56)%],有显著性差异(P均<0.05);夏季精液的前向运动精子冷冻复苏率最低[(66.98±15.68)%],明显低于春、秋、冬3个季节[(69.04±14.26)%、(69.35±13.42)%、(69.31±15.11)%],有显著性差异(P均<0.05);春季精液冷冻复苏后前向运动精子密度最高[(28.82±11.29)×106/ml],明显高于夏、秋、冬3个季节[(25.57±10.08)×106/ml、(26.97±9.68)×106/ml、(26.21±9.47)×106/ml],有显著性差异(P均<0.05);夏季精液冷冻复苏后前向运动精子百分率最低[(39.75±9.48)%],明显低于春、秋、冬3个季节[(41.87±9.28)%、(41.44±8.45)%、(41.03±9.13)%],有显著性差异(P均<0.05)。结论:季节因素对供精志愿者精液参数及前向运动精子冷冻复苏率有影响,春季精液量多、前向运动精子百分率高、冷冻复苏率高、冷冻复苏后前向运动精子密度高,是捐精的最佳季节。

Objective： To investigate the relationship of seasonal variation with pre- and post-thaw semen parameters as well as the cryosurvival of human spermatozoa. Methods ： A total of 6 414 semen samples were collected from 1 135 donors aged 22 - 32 years by Zhejiang Human Sperm Bank, and divided into spring, summer, autumn and winter groups according to the time of collection. All the samples underwent routine seminal analysis, and the sperm parameters were compared between different seasons. The sperm specimens were cryoprcserved in aliquots and analyzed after ＇thawing. Results ： The semen volume was （2.92 ± 1.17 ） ml in spring, significantly higher than in summer, autumn and winter （ [ 2.71 ± 1.07 ], [ 2.74 ± 1.15 ] and [ 2.83± 1.15 ] ml, P 〈 0.05）. Sperm density was the highest in autumn （ [ 105.60±39.76] × 10^6/ml） as compared with the other three seasons （ [ 101.18 ±40. 16] × 10^6/ml, [ 93.54 ± 35.10 ] × 10^6/ml, and [ 101.29± 38.37 ] × 10^6/ml, P 〈 0.05 ）. The sperm progressive motility was the highest in spring （ [ 58.49± 10.04 ] % ） and the cryosurvival of sperm the lowest in summer, with statistically significant differences from the other groups （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Seasonal variations affect human semen quality and cryosurvival of sperm. The semen volume, the percentage of progressive motile sperm, the cryosurvival of sperm, and the post-thaw density of progressive motile sperm are higher in spring than during the rest of the year. Natl J Androl, 2010, 16 （7） ： 619 -622