小夹板和石膏托外固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的比较研究

Comparison study of small splint fixation and plaster slab fixation for the treatment of distal radius fractures

目的:研究杉树皮夹板外固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的优越性。方法:2006年1月至2008年6月将80例桡骨远端骨折患者分为2组,杉树皮小夹板组40例,男18例,女22例,年龄20～66岁,平均45.2岁;石膏托组40例,男19例,女21例,年龄23～65岁,平均44.1岁。所有病例均行手法复位固定,4周后摄X线片观察骨折固定效果、患肢功能恢复情况、第2掌骨骨密度,并以比正常骨折愈合时间提前多少为疗效判定标准评定疗效。结果:两组固定效果比较,杉树皮小夹板优于石膏组(Z=-2.844,P=0.004<0.05);功能恢复比较,杉树皮小夹板优于石膏组(Z=-3.196,P=0.001<0.05)。第2掌骨骨密度比较,杉树皮小夹板优于石膏组(t=4.56,P<0.001)。两组疗效评价结果比较,杉树皮小夹板组优于石膏托组(Z=-2.601,P=0.009<0.05)。结论:杉树皮小夹板能有效地保证固定的稳定,明显促进骨折愈合和功能恢复。

Objective：To study the advantage of fir bark splint for the treatmet of distal radius fracture. Methods：From January 2006 to June 2008,80 cases were randomly divided into two groups and treated by fir bark splint fixation or plaster fix-ation. There were 40 cases in the fir bark splint group,including 18 males and 22 females with an average age of 45.2 years ranging from 20 to 66 years. There were 40 cases in the plaster group, including 19 males and 21 females with an average age of 44.1 years ranging from 23 to 65 years. Four weeks after manipulative reduction and external fixation,the fixtion effect,function recovery,bone mineral density of secondly metacarpus were obsearved by X ray film,and the clinical effect were evaluated according to healing time ahead of schedule. Results：As compared between the two groups,the fixation effect of the fir bark splint group was better than that of the plaster group （Z=-2.844,P=0.0040.05）;the function recovery of the fir bark splintgroup was better than that of the plaster group （Z=-3.196,P=0.001〈0.05）;the bone mineral density of secondly metacarpus of the fir bark splint group were better than that of plaster group （t=4.56,P〈0.001）;the curative effect of fir bark splint group wasbetter than that of the plaster group（Z=-2.601,P=0.009〈0.05）. Conclusion：Fir bark splint could effectively keep fixation sta-bility and promote fracture healing as well as function recovery.