高迁移率族蛋白B1--启动免疫应答的重要信号分子

HMGB1—an important signaling molecule of activating the immune response

高迁移率族蛋白B1(high mobility group box 1 protein,HMGB1)是核内一类非组蛋白染色体结合蛋白,参与核小体结构的重构;调控DNA重组、修复、复制和基因转录。HMGB1是细胞核内一种重要的预警素,启动固有免疫应答维持组织长期修复及防御过程,并能够促使树突状细胞成熟,进而使初始T细胞活化、增殖、分化为辅助性T淋巴细胞(Th)1。HMGB1也是一种内源性免疫佐剂,诱导适应性免疫应答。可以说,HMGB1是介于固有免疫和适应性免疫之间一种重要蛋白。

High mobility group box-1 （HMGB1） protein has been identified to be a group of non-chromosome-binding protein in the nuclear.HMGB1 participates in maintaining nucleosome structure and stability,as well as DNA recombinant,reparation,reproduction and transcription.The extracellular HMGB1 plays the role of keeping repair and defense programs of tissue by activating innate immune response.HMGB1 can activate and induce maturation of DCs,in particular,facilitate their migration to the lymph nodes,where they encounter T cells.HMGB1 also acts directly on T cells,promoting their proliferation,differentiation toward to Th1 phenotype.Indeed,HMGB1 behaves as an endogenous immune adjuvant and activates adaptive immune responses.It can be said that HMGB1 protein is at the crossroad between innate and adaptive immunity.