镁水平对不同类型土壤大豆生长、养分吸收以及产量的影响

Effect of Magnesium Levels on Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, Grain Yield of Soybean in Different Soil Types

为探索交换性镁含量相对较高的石灰性土壤的镁肥效应,采用土壤盆栽试验方法,设置0、20、60、180mg/kg土4个施镁量,在温室条件下研究了施镁水平对3种不同类型土壤大豆生长、养分吸收以及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明:施用镁肥60mg/kg土对3种不同类型土壤大豆种植生长,籽粒、茎秆和根部中氮、磷、钾和镁养分吸收量,以及籽粒产量都具有显著的影响。当镁肥施用量为60mg/kg土时,种植在褐土性土、栗褐土和潮土上的大豆籽粒产量分别比对照增产15.53%、11.48%和15.52%。当镁肥施用量增加到180mg/kg土时,潮土的大豆籽粒产量比对照增产19.83%,而其他2种土壤大豆籽粒产量没有明显增加。从3种不同类型土壤对施用镁肥的响应来看,潮土表现好于栗褐土和褐土性土。研究结果表明,在合理施用氮、磷和钾肥基础上配合施用适当的镁肥对交换性镁含量相对较高的土壤仍有一定的增产潜力。

In order to research the effects of magnesium （Mg） fertilizer applied in calcareous soils containing relatively higher exchangeable Mg content. A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to investigate the effect of soil application of magnesium levels on three different soil types in plant growth, nutrient uptake, and grain yield of soybean （Glycine max （L.） Merrill）. The experiment design was the randomized complete block with four replications. Four Mg rates were employed （0, 20, 60 and 180 mg/kg soil）. The results showed that the plant growth, accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at grain, stem and roots, and grain yield of soybean on three different soil types were significant influenced by application of 60 mg/kg soil Mg fertilizer. Compared to the control, the grain yield of soybean in the cinnamon soil, chestnut-cinnamon soil and fluvo-aquic soil were increased by 15.53%, 11.48% and 15.52%, respectively, as Mg supply at 60 mg/kg soil. When Mg fertilizer application rate increased to 180 mg/kg soil, the grain yield of soybean in fluvo-aquic soil was increased by 19.83% compared with the control, whereas there was no significant increase in grain yield of soybean on the other two kinds of soils. Compared their responses to Mg application within three different soils, the performance of fluvo-aquic soil was better than the other two soils. This study indicates that a reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with appropriate Mg fertilizer supply in the soil containing relatively higher exchangeable Mg content, there is still great potential for increasing crop production.