福建滨海湿地生态气象监测方法及指标体系研究

Fujian Inshore Wetland Ecology Meteorology Monitor Method and Index System Research

利用福建滨海湿地分布区所属基本气象观测站1971～2009年的气象资料,采用平行观测方法进行小气候观测,通过气候分析,总结福建滨海湿地生态气象监测方法和指标体系,揭示光照、温度、降水量、大风等气象因子对湿地生态的利弊影响,为科学管理、趋利避害提供依据。结果表明:福建滨海湿地生态气象监测方法简单可靠,指标体系完整科学;应用湿润指数(K)进行生态质量气象评价,能为生态建设科学决策服务。根据气象指标和植物生物量指标分析温度对红树林生育和闽江口互花米草生育的影响,为促进红树林发展、控制互花米草蔓延提供依据。研究结果对于福建滨海湿地生态保护、合理开发和利用具有重要的指导意义。

Using the meteorological data from basic weather station during 1971 to 2009 in Fujian inshore wetland area, adopt the parallel observation method to carry on the microclimate observation. Getting by climate analysis, sum up the Fujian inshore wetland ecology meteorology monitor method and index system. Revealed that meteorological factors （for example sunlight, temperature, precipitation, wind, and so on） can influence the wetland ecology equilibrium. For the scientific management and makes use of favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable conditions provides gist. The result indicated that, Fujian inshore wetland ecology meteorology monitor method simple reliable, index system complete science; Application wetness indexes （K） estimate the ecology quality, serve for the ecology construction macro-scientific policy-making. Based on the meteorological index and the plant biomass index analysis the procreate influence temperature to mangrove forest and Spartina alterniflora of Minjiang River Estuary. Provide that support for the promotion mangrove forest development, the control Spartina alterniflora overspread. The findings provided important references for ecology protection, reasonable development, rational exploitation and utilization in the Fujian inshore wetland.