兼业农户、现代农户与国家食物安全

Part-time Farmers, Modern Farmers and National Food Safety

中国目前的食物安全研究多是从政策、市场、技术和资源等"大而单"宏观视角来研究食物安全,忽视了农业生产的微观主体——农户的重要地位和作用。从农户"小而全"微观视角研究食物安全,比较分析兼业农户和现代农户对食物安全的不同影响,认为兼业农户的摇摆心态不利于国家的食物安全,而具有适度规模经营,规范化生产,吸纳现代要素能力强,资本技术集约度和组织化程度高的现代农户从源头保证了食物的数量和质量安全。所以,在当前的农业生产条件下、农业比较效益差的情况下,要保证国家食物安全,必须对中国目前的兼业农户进行合理引导,打破制约现代农户发展的资源和制度瓶颈。

China＇s current food safety studies were mostly from＂big and single＂macro-perspectives such as the policy, markets, technologies and resources and so on. These studies neglected micro-subjects of agricultural production： the important status and role of farmers. This paper studies food safety from ＂small and complete＂ micro-perspective and compares the different effects on food safety of the part-time farmers and the modern farmers. So this one thinks that swing-mentality of the part-time farmers is not conducive to national food security and the modern farmers with a moderate scale, standardized production, a strong ability to absorb the modern elements and a high degree of capital and technology intensity and organization ensure the quantity and quality safety from the source. Therefore, in the current conditions for agricultural production and inefficient farming, to ensure national food security, it is necessary to guide china＇s current part-time farmers rationally and to break the bottlenecks of resources and institutions constraining the development of the modern farmers.