香港1993～2006年土地利用/覆被变化特征分析

Analysis on land use/cover change in Hong Kong during 1993～2006

区域土地利用/覆被变化的典型研究可为全球变化的综合研究提供丰富的区域信息.香港作为高度发达的国际大都市,其土地利用变化具有典型性和代表性,其土地的高效集约利用颇具参考价值.文章以高分辨率遥感影像数据SPOT为主要数据源,运用GIS空间分析等方法,系统分析了香港回归前后的1993～2006年期间土地利用/覆被变化特征,重点分析建筑用地、绿地、水域和未利用地等面积增减的来龙去脉.结果表明:研究期内水域、其他用地、滩涂持续减少,成为建筑用地、机场用地的主要来源.香港在十分有限的土地资源约束条件下,保障区域经济持续繁荣和生态友好的土地利用模式,可供类似区域参考借鉴.

Regional land use/cover change is the focus of global change research, and typical study on regional or local scales would provide a wealth of regional information for the comprehensive study on land use/cover change. Hong Kong was known for its enormous international reputation of economic development in the past few decades,however, since Hong Kong is hilly and short of plain, it is always a big challenge for planners to effi- ciently utilize the land in Hong Kong. Using GIS method, this paper took SPOT, high-resolution remote sensing image, as the main data source to analyze spatiotemporal changes of land use/cover ＂before and after the han- dover to China＂ （1993 -2006）. We primarily analyzed the changes of construction sites, green spaces,water and unused land area to find out the rules underlying these changes. As a highly developed international metrop- olis, study on land use/change of Hong Kong would be representative and typical. The way to ensure regional e- conomic prosperity and friendly environment with limited land supply would make a reference for intensive and economical use of land resources.