星型奴卡氏菌肺炎

Pneumonia caused by nocardia asteroids

目的提高对肺奴卡氏菌感染的临床认识。方法报道一例星型奴卡氏菌肺炎，结合国内文献报道的临床资料进行分析。结果星型奴卡氏菌肺炎常发生在农民，有泥土接触史，患者常有免疫功能低下，发热、咳嗽、咯血、气促等临床表现，胸片表现为肺炎、肺脓肿、空洞、胸腔积液等，治疗以磺胺为首选。结论对不明原因发热、咳嗽、气促、咯血的患者，特别是有免疫功能低下，长期服用激素的情况时，要注意星型奴卡氏菌肺炎感染的可能。

Objective To improve the clinical understanding of the pulmonary nocardia infection. Methods One case of pneumonia caused by nocardia asteroids was reported and analyzed combining with the clinical data reported in domestic articles. Results Pneumonia caused by nocardia asteroids was often found in the farmer, who had history of contacting with soil. The patient was often immunosuppressed and clinically manifested with fever, cough, hemoptysis, accelerated breathing, etc. Pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary cavity and pleural effusion could be seen in chest radiograph. Sulfanilamide was the first choice for treatment. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the possibility of pulmonary nocardia infection for the patient who has unknown origin of fever, cough, accelerated breathing and hemoptysis, especially when he is immunosuppressed and takes hormone over a long period of time.