从《孔雀东南飞》看东汉时期妇女的“守节”

On the Women's Keeping Unmarried after Widowed and Divorced in the Dong Han from Peacock Flying Southeast

《孔雀东南飞》是汉乐府民歌中的叙事诗杰作。乐府诗歌的接受和传播带有鲜明的文事相依的传播特点。由诗中记录"本事"的小序可知,刘氏之死是为"守节"而死。东汉时期,贞节观已经形成强大的影响力,变成许多女性的道德律条。贞节观的形成与儒家倡导的男尊女卑的思想有很大的关系,与女性在封建社会中地位的不断下降有关。但社会对妇女改嫁、再嫁还是有一定的宽容度,特别是在上层社会。

Peacock Flying southeast is the best narrative poems of Yuefu folk songs in the Han dynasty. The spreading and accepting of Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty has the feature that literature and original stories depend on each other. The death of Liu is for ＂keeping chastity＂ from the preface of the poem. The sense of keeping chastity has strong impact on the society in the Dong Han,becoming laws and decrees of morals of many women. It has the relations on the ideas of men being higher more women that the Confucianists advocate,and on the position of women becoming low gradually in feudal society. But the society should be lenient in treating with women＇remarrying,especially in the higher society.