重楼皂甙杀灭血吸虫尾蚴及防护效果的研究

Study on Effects of Rhizoma Paridis Saponin to Kill and Prevent Cercariae of Schistosoma Japonicum

目的深入探讨重楼皂甙杀灭血吸虫尾蚴及其阻止尾蚴侵入皮肤的防护效果。方法人工逸放的血吸虫尾蚴，挑入不同浓度的药液中，作用一定时间，分别判定其死亡或感染小白鼠；涂肤防护试验，小白鼠涂擦重楼皂甙油膏或溶液，待干，泥水浆机械摩擦，感染血吸虫尾蚴。结果血吸虫尾蚴接触２０ｍｇ／Ｌ和４０ｍｇ／Ｌ重楼皂甙液，５分钟和１５分钟尾蚴死亡率均为１００％；人工感染小白鼠，５ｍｇ／Ｌ的防护率为６１３２％、２０ｍｇ／Ｌ的防护率达１００％，相同浓度１５ｍｇ／Ｌ，尾蚴接触５分钟的小白鼠防护率为８５８０％；１５分钟和３０分钟为９９３３％和９９４％。小白鼠涂擦重楼皂甙油膏、溶液的防护率为９８０４％～１００％。结论重楼皂甙具有较强的杀灭尾蚴的作用，且有较强的防护效果。

Objective In order to prevent schistosomiasis infection, the effects of Rhizoma paridis for Saponin killing cercariae of schistosoma japonicum and preventing infection were studied. Methods The cercariae released artificially from snails were exposed to various concentration solution of Rhizoma paridis Saponin for certain time then its death situation or the infected mice were determined.The preventive test of smearing skin were that the mouse skin was smeared with ointment and solution of Rhizoma paridis saponin, and after it dried out,mechanically rubbed with oar and mud liquid,finally infected by the cercariae. Results The mortalities of cercariae exposed to 20mg/L and 40mg/L of the saponin for 5 minutes and 15 minutes were all 100%.The preventive rates of 5.0mg/L and 20mg/L of the saponin preventing mice from infecting schistosomiasis were 61.32% and 100% respectively. The preventive rates of 15.0mg/L of the saponin contacting with cercariae for 5 minutes,15 minutes and 30 minutes were 85.8%,99.33% and 99.4% respectively. And the preventive rates of the ointment and solution smeared on the skin of mice reached 98.04%～ 100%. Conclusion The saponin of Rhizoma paridis has relative strong cercaricidal and preventive effects. [