陕北黄土高原土地利用/覆盖变化及生态效应评价

Assessment on Ecological Effects of Land Use/Cover Changes on the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province

基于1997年和2006年两期遥感影像获得陕北黄土高原地区土地利用变化数据,结合RS和GIS技术,对陕北黄土高原土地利用/覆盖变化特征进行了分析。并采用生态服务价值的方法对陕北黄土高原土地利用变化的生态效应进行了综合评价。结果表明,1997—2006年,陕北黄土高原利用类型发生了显著变化,该区50.37%的耕地转换成为林地和草地,总体生态服务价值量显著增加7.67×106元,年增长率为0.2%,整体生态环境指数有所提高从0.145增长到0.157,土地利用/覆盖变化整体生态贡献指数变化明显,整体贡献指数为1.239,生态环境质量明显改善,表明退耕还林以来陕北黄土高原地区整体生态环境向着健康方向发展。

Based on the land use change data obtained from TM images in 1997 and 2006,the land use/cover changes on the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province were studied and ecological effects of land use/cover changes were evaluated with the help of RS and GIS technologies. Results showed that land use patterns changed considerably during the period from 1997 to 2006. 50.37% of farmland was transferred into woodland and grassland and the total ecosystem service value was increased by 7.67×10^6 yuan,with the annual increase of 0.2%. The overall environmental quality index was increased from 0.145 to 0.157. The index of eco-contribution of land use and land cover changed remarkably and the overall eco-contribution index was 1.239. The environmental ecological quality has been improved,which means that the ecosystem in the area tends to develop healthily on the Loess Plateau of North Shaanxi Province with the development of the conversion of farmland to forest project.