试论汉赋中的长安政治性格

An Analysis of the Political Features of Ancient Chang’ an from the Perspective of Rhapsody in Han Dynasty

西汉的宫殿、园囿、郊猎赋和东汉的京都赋,都以长安作为重要的观照对象。前者描写长安风物,折射西汉政治风貌;后者将长安、洛阳两都对比,批判两汉政治得失。其所蕴含的长安政治性格:一是尚武精神与王霸之道;二是天人合一与帝王中心;三是盛世繁华与奢靡风尚。

The ancient city of Chang’an is a major object of rhapsody on palace, royal garden, and suburban hunting in west Han Dynasty and the capital rhapsody in east Han Dynasty. The former embodies the political situation of west Han Dynasty through descriptions of sceneries and customs of Chang’an while the latter comments on political gains and losses under the rule of west and east Han Dynasties on the basis of a comparative study of two capitals of Chang’an and Luoyang. Studies on rhapsody in west and east Han Dynasties from the perspective of Chang’an culture indicate the political features of ancient Chang’an： martial spirit and benevolent government; man-nature harmony and emperor domination; prosperity and extravagance.