农杆菌介导的玉米遗传转化研究进展

Progress of Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation in Maize

农杆菌介导的转基因法是目前玉米遗传转化的主流方法之一。目前,模式玉米种质幼胚的转化体系已程式化,且开发了新筛选基因和获得不含筛选基因转基因玉米的方法,但是大多数育种骨干自交系转化频率低和转化受体基本上是幼胚。从农杆菌、受体及培养条件多方面各种因素对问题进行分析,多数研究认为针对特定基因型和受体材料建立好的受体再生系统,结合高效率农杆菌转化体系,获得多目的基因聚合(无其它外源片段)的转基因玉米将是农杆菌介导玉米转化体系研究的最终目标。本文主要从农杆菌介导(转基因)法应用于玉米遗传转化的历史、现状、问题等方面进行综述,为同领域的研究者提供一定的参考。

Currently Agrobacterium-mediated gene transferring is one of major methods in genetic transformation of maize.Now,the situation of the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system for mode maize genotypes with immature embryos as tissue targets has become routine,furthermore,new selection genes and methods of obtaining transgenic maize without selection genes have been developed.However,the main problems are low efficiency for most of elite breeding inbred lines （genotypes） and using mainly immature embryos as tissue targets.The problems have been analyzed from different factors in Agrobacterium,tissue targets and culture conditions,and the final aim of this technology is developing good regeneration system optimized for specific genotype and target tissue,and combining it with efficient Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in order to obtain transgenic maize only for multiple genes of interest （GOI） without other foreign DNA fragments.In this article,we have reviewed the history,current situation and problems of genetic transformation of maize through Agrobacterium-mediated gene transferring,and it would provied a certain value for researchers involved in this technology.