桐乡市0～3岁婴幼儿体格发育监测结果分析

Physical growth among infants aged 0 to 3 years in Tongxiang.

【目的】了解桐乡市0-3岁婴幼儿体格发育水平、喂养方式及贫血患病情况,为今后儿童保健工作重点提供依据。【方法】对2001—2006年出生的婴儿25 451名进行体格发育监测,详细调查1岁内喂养情况,定期检测血红蛋白（Hemoglobin,Hb）。【结果】1）通过大样本监测（总计162 247人次）,桐乡市0~3岁婴幼儿体重发育指标良好,身长发育水平略低于《中国7岁以下儿童生长发育参照标准》（下称《标准》）;2）贫血患病率42 d为2.3%（566/24 498）,12个月为25.3%（2 581/10 188）,24个月为14.1%（2 205/15 667）,36个月为12.7%（1 168/9 165）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4 222.4,P〈0.01）;3）婴儿42 d母乳喂养率为92.3%,3个月为86.2%,6个月为71.0%。【结论】桐乡市0~3岁婴幼儿体格发育总体水平较好;强化1岁内半固体、固体食物的合理添加是降低婴幼儿贫血患病率的关键;促进母乳喂养必须综合干预,呼吁政府延长产假时间提高纯母乳喂养率,切实保障母婴健康。

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship during physical growth,feeding patterns and anemia in infants aged 0 to 3 years old and serve guide lines of child healthcare practices. 【Methods】 Total of 25 451 infants born from 2001 to 2006 were selected.The following clinical parameters were recorded and compared,including physical growth,feeding patterns within age 1 and hemoglobin（Hb）. 【Results】 1）Among large samples（total 162 247 cases.）,the weight indicator of infants aged 0 to 3 years old in Tonxiang was normal,but the height level was slightly below according to ＂The Physical Growth Standards for Chinese Children under Age 7＂（The Standards）;2） the Anemia rate of the first 42 days,12 months,24 months and 36 months was 2.3%（566/24 498）,25.3%（2 581/10 188）,14.1%（2 205/15 667） and 12.7%（1 168/9 165）,respectively（χ2=4 222.4,P0.01）;3）the breastfeeding rate of the first 42 days,3 months and 6 months was 92.3%,86.2% and 71.0%,respectively. 【Conclusions】 The overall physical growth among infants aged 0 to 3 years in Tongxiang is good.The appropriate addition of semi-solid and solid food supplements for children under age 1 is essential to reduce the anemia rate of infants;Also,the promotion of breastfeeding should be approached universally to benefit mother and child health,including public education of appropriate feeding patterns as well as government support for extending maternity leave.