红花檵木花叶芽变生物学特性

Biological Characteristics of Variegated Bud Sports of Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum

对红花檵木‘密枝玫红’及其3份花叶芽变材料,通过病毒学初步鉴定、叶片解剖、叶片色素含量和光合特性差异分析,研究其花叶现象和部分植物学特性。结果表明:1)‘密枝玫红’及其3份花叶芽变材料的组织浸提液接种的黄豆、黄瓜、辣椒、番茄及红花檵木均生长良好,无病毒浸染症状;透射电镜观察没有看到病毒颗粒;2)3份花叶芽变材料可以通过扦插繁殖保持芽变特性,在湖南地区可露地栽培,抗病虫能力强;3)叶片厚度、上表皮细胞厚度和下表皮细胞厚度在4份供试材料之间差异显著;4)叶片的类胡萝卜素和花色素苷含量在3份花叶芽变材料之间差异显著,且花叶芽变材料的净光合速率高于母株;5)3份花叶芽变材料不仅在叶色方面明显区别于母株,在花色方面也有不同,这些新类型的出现丰富了红花檵木现有种质资源的叶色、花色类型,特别是2号芽变材料的花朵出现明显的红色和乳白色的嵌合,有可能成为新的优良品种资源。

The appearance of variedness and biological characteristics of three variegated sport varieties and their mother plant of Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum ‘Mizhi Meihong’were compared with virological identification,anatomy of blade,content of pigments and photosynthetic traits. The leaf extracts from the plants were used to inoculate Glycine max, Cucumis sativus,Capsicum annuum,Solanum lycopersicum,L. chinense var. rubrum. The results showed that the inoculated plants grew well,and did not exhibit any virus symptom. No viral granule was detected by TEM. The bud sport varieties were able to maintain their trait of variegated color by cutting propagation,and they had higher resistance to plant diseases and insect pests and were suitable to growing in field in Hunan Province. There was remarkable difference in thickness of leaves,upper epidermis and lower epidermis among 4 plant specimens. The contents of carotenoid and anthocyanin of variegated sport leaves were distinct dissimilar among 3 sport varieties,and the net photosynthetic rates were higher than their mother plants. The sport varieties had significant distinct flower colors as well as leaf colors from their mother plant. The varieties were elite germ plasm resource for breeding of L. chinense var. rubrum. Especially,the No. 2 sport variety could be a prospective commercial product.