386例老年人缺牙及修复情况分析

An analysis of status of tooth loss and prostheses in 386 seniles

目的了解老年人缺牙及修复情况。方法依据一例一卡制的问诊和口腔检查资料，分析在天津市环湖医院和河北区口腔病防治所就诊的３８６例老年人缺牙、缺牙病因及义齿修复情况。结果３８６例中，缺牙者３６７例，缺牙率９５．１％，主要病因是龋病和牙周病；修复者２０２例，修复率５５．０％，修复体２５４件，其中不洁修复体３２件（１２．６％），不良修复体５９件（２３．２％），不良修复体主要为局部托牙（４９件），不良修复的主要原因为义齿设计不当。结论应积极开展老年人口腔卫生保健和缺牙后修复必要性的宣传，提高义齿修复率，修复体要适应老年人口腔特点，修复后要定期复查，以提高义齿合格率。

Objective To evaluate the status of tooth loss and prostheses in the aged. Methods According to clinical information from questionnaire and oral examination in investigative cards, the status of tooth loss, cause and prostheses in 386 seniles in Tianjin was analysed. Results The rate of tooth loss was 95 1% (367/386). The main causes were caries and periodontial disease. The prosthetic rate was 55 0% (202/367). Among 254 prostheses, there were 32 unclean ones (12 6%) and 59 poor ones (23 2%) which were mainly partial dentures (49). The primary cause of poor prosthetics was incorrect design. Conclusions The necessity of oral health and prosthetics after tooth loss should be propagated so as to increase the prosthetic rate. Prostheses should be suited to the oral characteristics of the elders. After prosthetics, prostheses should be regularly examined and promptly repaired or changed if necessary so as to increase the qualified rate of prostheses.