‘四季花’龙眼叶片和芽体碳水化合物含量变化与花芽分化相关性研究

Correlation Research of Carbohydrate Change in Buds and Leaves and Flower Bud Differentiation of Dimocarpus longan ‘Sijihua’

为探讨‘四季花’龙眼芽体和叶片中碳水化合物含量变化与花芽分化的相关性,以5～6年生植株的秋梢为材料,结合花芽形态分化进程的显微观察,计算各时期花芽分化率,测定相应进程内叶片和芽体的可溶性总糖、蔗糖、果糖、还原糖和淀粉含量,统计叶片和芽体碳水化合物含量变化与花芽分化率的相关性。结果表明:秋梢花芽分化过程中,花芽分化率在花序主轴分化期达到最高;叶片和芽体在各分化时期的碳水化合物含量呈现显著性差异(P≤0.05);叶片淀粉含量变化呈显著的降低趋势,而芽体淀粉含量则呈反向趋势,反映出花芽分化期叶片与芽体碳水化合物的源库关系;与叶片相比,芽体中可溶性总糖、还原糖和蔗糖含量变化与花芽分化的相关度更高,所以测定芽体中某些碳水化合物含量即能反映出花芽分化的真实状况。

To research correlation of carbohydrate content changing in buds and leaves and longan＇s flower bud differentiation, five to six-year-old ＇sijihua＇ longan＇s autumn shoots were used as the experimental materials. The morphological differentiation process of the flower bud differentiation was observed, flower bud differentiation rate of every period was calculated, the contents changing of total soluble sugar, sucrose, fructose, reducing sugar and starch of buds and leaves were determined and the correlation between the carbohydrate content of leaves and buds and flower bud differentiation rate during the differentiation process was counted. The results showed that, during the differentiation process of ＇sijihua＇ longan＇s autumn shoots, the flower bud differentiation rate reached the highest at main axle of inflorescence differentiation period. The carbohydrate content of leaves and buds showed significant difference in every differentiation period （P=0.05）. The changing trend of starch content in leaves was reduced markedly, while in contrary for buds, which reflected the relationship of the buds and leaves was sink and source respectively during the flower bud differentiation. The correlation of the changing magnitude of total soluble sugar, sucrose and reducing sugar in buds and the flower bud differentiation process was higher compared with leaves,so the measurements of carbohydrate in buds were able to reflect the real estate of the flower bud differentiation all the more, but the related question was still worth researching deeply.