地理信息系统技术在浙江省钉螺监测中的应用

Application of geographic information system in surveinance of snail in Zhejiang province

目的 探索地理信息系统（GIS）在浙江省血吸虫病中间宿主钉螺监测中的应用.方法 收集浙江省2005-2009年血吸虫病调查资料,建立GIS螺情数据库,应用ArcGIS9.2软件,导入GIS数据库各项属性并制作所需钉螺面积空间分布电子图和差值图.结果 2005-2009年共有28个县先后查出钉螺,5年累计查出有螺村1580个,有螺面积513.28 hm^2.建立了＂十一五＂期间全省GIS螺情数据库;根据钉螺面积大小标记不同颜色,制作了电子分布图,实现全省钉螺分布信息电子化;2009年与2005年有螺面积比较,差值空间分布图显示有螺面积压缩或增加的县数分别占48.0%（12/25）和52.0%（13/25）;在国家级血吸虫病监测点建立了有螺环境卫星迭加图,呈现17个螺点,每个螺点显示螺情有关信息.结论 应用GIS制作的钉螺面积分布图、差值空间分布图能直观地显示螺情变化,为掌握血吸虫病疫情以及制定防治策略提供科学依据.

Objective To analyze the spatial distribution and trends of schistosomiasis intermediate host oncomelania snail in Zhejiang using geographic information systems （GIS）. Methods The data gained from sampling surveys on schistosomiasis surveillance from 2005 to 2009 in Zhejiang were collected. The GIS database was created with these data. The distribution and variance map of spatial status of oncomelania snail was analyzed with spatial analyst extension of ArcGIS 9.2. Results Between 2005 and 2009, 28 residual snails conuties were found. The cumulate number of residual snails villages was 1580, and the cumulate residual snails area was 513.28 hm2 in 5 years. GIS database of oncomelania snails spatial distribution during 2005-2009 in Zhejiang was established, which made the snailsurvey information electronic. Compared to the years 2005 in Zhejiang, the variance map showed the county of snail areas compression and increasing accounted for 48.0% （12/25） and 52.0% （13/25） separately. The environmental satellite snail superposition map was established in national schistosomiasis surveillance site of Zhejiang. There were 17 snail spots in the map, and every spots showed the relevant information of snail situation. Conclusions The distribution and variance maps of oncomelania snail generated from GIS can eventually provide more scientific information for the situation of schistosomiasis, and help to provide the base of schistosomiasis control in Zhejiang.